基本信息 书名:计算机科学引论 定价：38.00元 作者:(美)奥利里,(美)奥利里 著 出版社：高等教育出版社 出版日期：2004-07-01 ISBN：9787040145984 字数：645000 页码：509 版次：1 装帧：平装 开本：大16开 商品重量： 编辑推荐 本书不再重印或换新版。 内容提要 本书概括地介绍了计算机科学与信息技术的主要领域、各种应用及其对社会的影响。全书由15章和一些附录组成，主要内容包括：信息技术概述；因特网、万维网与电子商务；基本应用软件（包括字处理、表处理、数据库管理系统、文字和图形演示、集成化软件包等）；专用软件（包括图形图像处理、音频与视频、多媒体、Web创作以及虚拟现实和专家系统等新兴应用）；操作系统等系统软件；计算机系统组成部件；输入/输出及相关外部设备；外部存储设备；通信与网络技术；信息系统（包括事务处理系统、管理信息系统、决策支持系统、管理支持系统等）；数据库与应用；系统分析与设计；程序设计与程序语言；与信息技术有关的社会、组织、职业、道德、法律、安全和环境等问题；计算机发展简介；个人计算机购机与升级指南等。书中大量的图示、精心的版式设计，使各种概念、技术、设备等一目了然。每章之后附有综合性的图示小结、重要词汇和术语列表、丰富的复习题、思考题和网上实习等。 本书内容丰富，体裁新颖，叙述简练清楚，英语语言规范流畅。书中比较全面地覆盖了计算机科学与信息技术领域中基本的名词和术语，尤其是目前十分流行和的一些概念和词汇。本书既可作为计算机、信息管理及相关专业计算机导论课程的教材，也可作为相应专业的计算机英语教材。 目录 Chapter 1 Information Technology, the Internet, and You Information Systems People Making IT Work for You:Information Technology Topics Software System Software Application Software Hardware Types of Computers Microcomputer Hardware Data Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and the Internet A Look to the Future: Using and Understanding Information Technology Means Being Computer Competent Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 2 The Internet, the Web, and Electronic Commerce The Internet and the Web Access Providers Browsers Communication E-Mail Discussion Groups Making IT Work for You: Instant Messaging Search Tools Search Engines Metasearch Engines Specialized Search Engines Electronic Commerce Web Storefronts Web Auctions Security Web Utilities Telnet FTP Plug-ins Filters A Look to the Future: Internet2 Will Be a High-Performance Network Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 3 Basic Application Software Application Software Common Features Web-based Applications Making IT Work for You: Web-based Applications Word Processors Features Case Spreadsheets Features Case Database Management Systems Features Case Presentation Graphics Features Case Integrated Packages Case Software Suites Sharing Data between Applications Copy and Paste Object Linking and Embedding A Look to the Future: Web-based Application Software Updates Ease Maintenance Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 4 Specialized Application Software Graphics Desktop Publishing Image Editors Illustration Programs Image Galleries Graphics Suites Audio and Video Multimedia Links and Buttons Developing Multimedia Presentations Multimedia Authoring Programs Web Authoring Web Site Design Making IT Work for You: Personal Web Sites Web Authoring Programs Emerging Applications Virtual Reality Knowledge-based (Expert) Systems Robotics A Look to the Future: The Future of Artificial Intelligence Is Emotional Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 5 System Software System Software Operating Systems Features Categories Windows Mac OS UNIX and Linux Utilities Windows Utilities Utility Suites Making IT Work for You: Virus Protection Device Drivers A Look to the Future: IBM Builds an Aware Supercomputer Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 6 The System Unit System Unit Electronic Data and Instructions Binary Coding Schemes System Board Microprocessor Specialty Processors Memory RAM ROM CMOS System Clock Expansion Slots and Cards Making IT Work for You: TV Tuner Cards and Video Clips Bus Lines Expansion Buses Ports Standard Ports Cables Power Supply A Look to the Future: Xybernaut Corporation Makes Wearable Computers a Reality Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 7 Input and Output What Is Input? Keyboard Entry Keyboards Features Pointing Devices Mouse Joystick Touch Screen Light Pen Scanning Devices Optical Scanners Bar Code Readers Character and Mark Recognition Devices Image Capturing Devices Digital Camera Digital Video Camera Digitizing Devices Graphics Tablets Digital Notebooks Audio Input Devices Voice Making IT Work for You: Digital Photography Music What Is Output? Monitors Features Cathode-Ray Tube Flat-Panel Monitor Other Monitors Printers Features Ink-Jet Printer Laser Printer Thermal Printer Other Printers Audio-Output Devices Combination Input and Output Devices Fax Machines Multifunction Devices Internet Telephone Terminals A Look to the Future: Neural Signals Inc. Creates Brain-Machine Interface Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 8 Secondary Storage Storage Floppy Disks Traditional Floppy Disk High Capacity Floppy Disk Hard Disks Internal Hard Disk Hard-Disk Cartridges Hard-Disk Packs Performance Enhancements Optical Disks Compact Disc Digital Versatile Disc Making IT Work for You: Music from the Internet DataPlay Other Types of Secondary Storage Solid-State Storage Internet Hard Drives Magnetic Tape A Look to the Future: Blu-Ray Technology Expected to Replace DVD Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 9 Communications and Networks Communications Connectivity The Wireless Revolution Communication Systems Communication Channels Physical Connections Wireless Connections Connection Devices Modems Types of Connections Data Transmission Bandwidth Protocols Networks Terms Network Types Local Area Networks Home Networks Metropolitan Area Networks Wide Area Networks Making IT Work for You: Home Networking Network Architecture Configurations Strategies Organizational Internets: Intranets and Extranets Intranets Extranets Firewalls A Look to the Future: Toyota and Sony Create Wireless Robotic Car Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 10 Privacy and Security People Privacy Large Databases Private Networks The Internet and the Web Major Laws on Privacy Making IT Work for You: Spyware Removal Security Computer Criminals Computer Crime Other Hazards Measures to Protect Computer Security Ergonomics Physical Health Mental Health Design The Environment The Green PC Personal Responsibility A Look to the Future: Presence Technology Makes Finding People Easy Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 11 Information Systems Organizational Information Flow Functions Management Levels Information Flow Computer-Based Information Systems Transaction Processing Systems Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Executive Support Systems Other Information Systems Case Study: Information Systems at DVD Direct A Look to the Future: Information Overload Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 12 Databases Data Data Organization Key Field Batch versus Real-Time Processing Databases Need for Databases Database Management DBMS Structure Hierarchical Database Network Database Relational Database Multidimensional Database Object-Oriented Database Types of Databases Individual Company or Shared Distributed Proprietary Web Database Database Uses and Issues Strategic Uses Security Case Study: Databases at DVD Direct A Look to the Future: Xperanto Makes Database Searches Easier Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 13 Systems Analysis and Design Systems Analysis and Design Phase 1: Preliminary Investigation Defining the Problem Suggesting Alternative Systems Preparing a Short Report Phase 2: Analysis Gathering Data Analyzing the Data Documenting Systems Analysis Phase 3: Design Designing Alternative Systems Selecting the Best System Writing the Systems Design Report Phase 4: Development Acquiring Software Acquiring Hardware Testing the New System Phase 5: Implementation Types of Conversion Training Phase 6: Maintenance Prototyping and Rapid Applications Development Prototyping Rapid Applications Development Case Study: Systems Analysis and Design at DVD Direct A Look to the Future: Rapid Change Visual Summary Key Terms Chapter Review Using Technology Expanding Your Knowledge Building Your PortfolioChapter 14 Programming and Languages Programs and Programming What Is a Program? What Is Programming? Step 1: Program Specification Program Objectives Desired Output Input Data Processing Requirements Document Program Specifications Step 2: Program Design Top-Down Program Design Pseudocode Flowcharts Logic Structures Step 3: Program Code The Good Program Coding Step 4: Program Test Syntax Errors Logic Errors Testing Process Step 5: Program Documentation Step 6: Program Maintenance Operations Changing Needs CASE and OOP CASE Tools Object-Oriented Software Development Generations of Programming Languages Machine Languages: The First Generation Assembly Languages: The Second Generation High-Level Procedural Languages: The Third Generation Problem-Oriented Languages: The Fourth Gene
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