Nanocomposite Technology Advances deals with the preparation and characterization of nanocomposite materials for electronic applications. A nanocomposite is a matrix to which nanoparticles have been added to improve a particular property of the material. The properties of nanocomposite have caused researchers and companies to consider using this material in several fields. Applications of antimicrobial polymer nanocomposites in food packaging have been discussed in first chapter. In second chapter, we discuss the fundamentals of functionalized graphene nanocomposites. Third chapter provides an overview of the current availability of interatomic potentials to investigate deformation and failure behavior in metal-matrix composites at the atomic scales using MD simulations. Silicate glass-based nanocomposite scintillators have been introduced in fourth chapter. In fifth chapter, we present environmentally-safe catalytically active and biocide polymer-metal nanocomposites with enhanced structural parameters. Sixth chapter discusses the processing and characterization of alumina/chromium carbide ceramic nanocomposite. In seventh chapter, we discuss on clay-containing polysulfone nanocomposites. A comparative study of membranes obtained from PA6 and PA66/national clay nanocomposites has been proposed in eighth chapter. The surface plasmon resonance effect has been discussed in ninth chapter. Electroplated nanocomposites of high wear resistance for advanced systems application have been described in tenth chapter. Eleventh chapter discusses how to conduct polymer-metal nanocomposite coating on fibers. In twelfth chapter, we deal with solar nanocomposite materials. A new phase change material based on potassium nitrate with silica and alumina nanoparticles for thermal energy storage has been described in thirteenth chapter. The physicochemical behavior of polyurethane-multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites based on renewable castor oil polyols has been described in fourteenth chapter. Fifteenth chapter describes the application of both intercalation reactions and encapsulation mechanisms to prepare urea based CRF by using Pugu kaolinite and gum arabic biopolymer. The objective of sixteenth chapter is to investigate the effect of the incorporation of the layered silicate into the vinyl ester matrix on the low velocity impact and creep-strain relaxation behavior. Rheology-morphology interrelationships for nanocomposites based on polymer matrices have been proposed in seventeenth chapter. Biofunctional composites of polysaccharides containing inorganic nanoparticles have been focused in eighteenth chapter. Nineteenth chapter discusses the functional polymer nanocomposite materials from microfibrillated cellulose. The aim of last chapter is to focus on the intercalation chemistry of LDH, the different LDH nanocomposites formulation strategies, and the physical and chemical properties of drug-LDH nanocomposites.