introduction _ 1 chapter i lao she the author ― 6 lao shes life _ 6 lao shes works _ 10 chapter ii camel angzi the novel ― 18 the themes of camel angzi _ 19 characterization in camel angzi _ 22 the language in camel angzi _ 28 chapter iii camel angzi the beijing opera _ 40 beijing opera as a genre of theater art _ 40 reformation of beijing opera _ 46 theatrical adaptation of camel angzi _ 52 chapter iv translation of camel angzi _72 notes on translation _ 72 camel angzi the y script_ 80 beijing opera abc _136 works consulted and cited_187 references _189