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秦秀白 、 杨忠 著 / 高等教育出版社 / 2002-12 / 平装
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高等师范教材:语言学概论
权威性:本套教材系教育部师范司组编的英语专业规划教材。编者与审者均为国内知名专家、教授及多年从事师范英语教学的优秀教师。针对性:本套教材汲取了国内外最新外语教学研究成果,理论与实践并重,针对教师实际需要精心编写。实用性:本套教材在选材与练习设计上以培养学习者综合语言应用能力为宗旨,注重提高其业务能力。
CHAPTER1LanguageandLinguistics:anOverview1.1Whatislanguage?11.2Featuresofhumanlanguage21.3Functionsoflanguage51.4Typesoflanguage61.4.1Naturallanguagesandartificiallanguages1.4.2Geneticclassificationoflanguages1.4.3Thetypologicalclassificationoflanguages1.5Themythoflanguage:languageorigin81.6Linguistics:thescientificstudyoflanguage91.6.1Linguisticsasascience1.6.2Branchesoflinguistics1.6.3FeaturesofmodernlinguisticsTUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS13MINI-PROJECTS13CHAPTER2Phonetics:theStudyofSpeechSounds2.1Thestudyofspeechsounds142.2Thesound-producingmechanism142.3Phonetictranscriptionofspeechsounds162.3.1Unitofrepresentation2.3.2Phoneticsymbols2.4DescriptionofEnglishconsonants172.5DescriptionofEnglishvowels192.6Phoneticfeaturesandnaturalclasses21TUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS22MINI-PROJECTS23CHAPTER3Phonology:theStudyofSoundSystemsandPatterns243.1Thestudyofsoundsystemsandpatterns243.2Phonemesandallophones243.3Discoveringphonemes253.3.1Contrastivedistribution3.3.2Complementarydistribution3.3.3Freevariation3.3.4Thediscoveryprocedure3.4Distinctivefeaturesandnon-distinctivefeatures273.5Phonologicalrules283.6Syllablestructure293.7Sequenceofphonemes303.8Featuresabovesegments313.8.1Stress3.8.2Intonation3.8.3Tone3.8.4ThefunctioningofstressandintonationinEnglishTUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS33MINI-PROJECTS35CHAPTER4Morphology:theStudyofWordStructure364.1Wordsandwordstructure364.2Morpheme:theminimalmeaningfulunitoflanguage364.3Classificationofmorphemes374.3.1Freeandboundmorphemes4.3.2Inflectionalanddedvationalmorphemes4.4FormationofEnglishwords384.4.1Derivation4.4.2Compounding4.4.3OthertypesofEnglishwordformationTUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS43MINI-PROJECTS44CHAPTER5Syntax:theAnalysisisSentenceStructure455.1Grammaticality455.2Knowledgeofsentencestructure465.3Differentapproachestosyntax475.4Transformational-generativegrammar(TG)495.4.1ThegoalofaTGgrammar5.4.2Syntacticcategories5.4.3Phrasestructurerules5.4.4Treediagrams5.4.5Recursionandtheinfinitudeoflanguage5.4.6Sub-categorizationofthelexicon5.4.7Transformationalrules5.5Systemic-functionalgrammar605.5.1Twoperspectivesofsyntacticanalysis:chainandchoice5.5.2Thethreemetafunctions5.5.3Transitivity:syntacticstructureasrepresentationofexperience5.5.4Moodandmodality:syntacticstructureasrepresentationofinteraction5.5.5Themeandrheme:syntacticstructureasorganizationofmessageTUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS69MINI-PROJECTS72CHAPTER6Semantics:theAnalysisofMeaning736.1Thestudyofmeaning736.2Referenceandsense746.2.1Reference6.2.2Sense6.3Classificationofiexicalmeanings756.3.1Referentialmeaningandassociativemeaning6.3.2Typesofassociativemeaning6.4Lexicalsenserelations776.4.1Synonymy6.4.2Antonymy6.4.3Homonymy6.4.4Polysemy6.4.5Hyponymy6.5Describinglexicalmeaning:componentialanalysis806.6Wordsandconcepts816.6.1Categorization6.6.2Prototypes6.6.3Hierarchies6.7Semanticrelationsofsentences836.8Metaphors856.8.1Fromrhetoricaldevicetocognitivedevice6.8.2Thecomponentsofmetaphors6.8.3FeaturesofmetaphorsTUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS89MINI-PROJECTS92CHAPTER7Pragmatlcs:theAnalysisofMeaninginContext937.1Thepragmaticanalysisofmeaning937.2Deixisandreference947.3Speechacts967.4Cooperationandimplicature987.5Thepolitenessprinciple997.6Theprincipleofrelevance1017.7Conversationalstructure103TUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS106MINI-PROJECTS107CHAPTER8LanguageinSocialContexts1088.1Sociolinguisticstudyoflanguage1088.2Varietiesofalanguage1088.3Gradesofformality1118.4Languagesincontact1128.5Taboosandeuphemisms1138.6Languageandculture1148.7Communicativecompetence116TUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS117MINI-PROJECTS117CHAPTER9SecondLanguageAcquisltion1189.1Whatissecondlanguageacquisition?1189.2FactorsaffectingSLA1199.3Analyzinglearnerslanguage1229.4Explainingsecondlanguageacquisition124TUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS127MINI-PROJECTS128CHAPTER10LinguisticsandForeignLanguageTeaching12910.1Foreignlanguageteachingasasystem12910.2Contributionoflinguistics:applicationsandimplications13110.3Linguisticunderpinningofsyllabusdesign13210.4Methodasintegrationoftheoryandpractice13310.5Linguisticsintheprofessionaldevelopmentoflanguageteachers136TUTORIALACTIVITIES/QUESTIONS137MINI-PROJECTS139AppendixIFamiliesIGroupsofLanguages140AppendixIITheIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamily142Bibliography144SuggestedSolutionstoTutorialQuestions148AnEnglish-ChineseGlossary156
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