Preface
1 Introduction
1.1 Information and informaion systems
1.2 Problems and challenges in information systems
1.3 Approaches and methods for information systems development
1.4 MEASUR:a semiotic approach to information systems
1.5 About this book
Part one Semiotic framework and methods
2 Understanding semiotics
2.1 Signs and their functions
2.2 Semiosis and learning
2.3 Semiotics in computing
2.4 Semiotics in organisations and information systems
3 Asemiotic framework for information systems
3.1 Philosophical stance
3.1.1 Objectivist paradigm
3.1.2 Subjectivist paradigm
3.1.3 Radical subjectivist paradigm
3.2 The semiotic framework
3.2.1 Physics
3.2.2 Empirics
3.2.3 Syntactics
3.2.4 Semantics
3.2.5 Pragmatics
3.2.6 The social leel
3.3 An example of semiotic analysis
4 Asemiotic approach to information systems development
4.1 MEASUR
4.2 How MEASUR can help in information systems development
4.2.1 Infrastructure analysis
4.2.2 Systems analysis,Design and implementation
4.3 Summary
5 Knowledge representation and information analysis
5.1 Some basic considerations in knowledge representation
5.1.1 Expressive adequacy anmd notional efficiency
5.1.2 Semantic primitives
5.1.3 Types of knowledge
5.2 Representaion approdches
5.2.1 Typial examples
5.2.2 Conceptual graphs
5.3 Some fundamental issues of information analysis
5.4 The role of information analysis
6 Semantic Analysis
6.1 Teoretical aspects of Semantic Analysis
6.1.1 Affordances
6.1.2 Ontology and some other fundamental notions
6.2 NORMA
6.2.1 Well-formaed formula
6.2.2 Affordance and ontological dependency
6.2.3 Semiotic dehaviour
6.2.4 Time
6.2.5 Defining authouriy and responsibility
6.2.6 Graphic representation-ontology chary
6.2.7 Defining authority and responsibility
6.2.8 Graphic representation-ontology chart
6.3 Using LEGOL to specify Norms
6.4 Conducting a Semantic Analysis
6.4.1 Understand the problem domain
6.4.2 Generating candidate affordances
6.4.3 Candidate grouping
6.4.4 Ontology charting
6.4.5 Norm Analysis
6.5 Commentary on Semantic Analysis
7 Pragmatics and communication
7.1 Human communication
7.2 Other approaches to communication
7.2.1 Speech Act Theory
7.2.2 Functional approach
7.2.3 Deontic logic for communication
7.3 Pragmatic aspect of human communication
7.4 The Norm Analuysis method
7.4.1 The concept of norms
7.4.2 Norms in business organisations
7.4.3 Norm Analysis
7.4.4 Norms in computer systems
8 The social layer:modelling organisations as information systems
8.1 Organisations as information systems
8.2 The notion of responsibility
8.3 Anorganisational morphology
8.4 Modelling the organisation
8.5 Summary:requiremments for an dffective information modelling method
Part tow Applications
9 From semiotic analysis to systems design
9.1 The semantic aspect of databases
9.2 Capturing the semantic aspect
9.3 Capturing the time aspect
9.4 Ontological modelling for conceptualisation
9.5 Imtentions,propositional attitudes and consequent operations
9.6 Other aspects of databases:facts,beliefs,and knowledge
10 Semantic temporal databases
10.1 Databases
10.1.1 Developments in database management systems
10.1.2 Semantic temporal databases
10.2 The semantic templates
10.2.1 Defining a semantic template
10.2.2 ST for database design
10.3 Systems construction
10.4 LEGOL
10.4.1 Basic syntactic structure
10.4.2 Some important operations
11 Normbase:a new approach to information management
11.1 The Normbase concept
11.2 The Normbase system
11.2.1 The Normbase engine
11.2.2 The semantic temporal database
11.2.3 The norm store
11.3 Information management with the Normbase system
11.4 Using semiotic methods with other appeoaches
11.4.1 Reational database for implementation
11.4.2 Objet-oriented methods for design and implementation
12 Case study:devlopment of a land resources information system
12.1 Background
12.2 Semantic Analysis for requirements modelling
12.3 Norm Analysis
12.4 System design and implementaion in the Normbase approach
12.5 Discussions and conclusions
13 Case study:development of a test construction system
13.1 Background
13.1.1 CONTEST project
13.1.2 User requirements
13.1.3 Why choode Semantic Analysis?
13.2 System analysis
13.3 System design
13.4 System construction
13.5 Discussion and conclusions
Appendix A Semantic templates and surogate specification
A.1 Definition of ST
A.2 Examples of using ST in discourse modelling
A.3 Examples of surrogates
Appendix B LEGOL applications in the CRIS case
B.1 Questions and LEGOL statements
B.2 Output from the Normbase
Bibliography
Index
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