完整的数字设计=Complete Digital Design（影印版）——国外大学优秀教材微电子类系列

现代高性能通信和嵌入式系统的蓬勃发展对于电子工程师和大学生的数字电路硬件设计技术提出了新的挑战和要求。为了使所设计的数字系统能成功地工作，设计人员不仅需要具备系统原理方面的基础知识，而且也需要在具体实现数字设计的专门知识方面有一个全面的理解和指导。本书作者Mark Balch是在美国硅谷长期从事高性能计算机网络硬件设计并积极参与工业标准制定的资深工程师，有丰富的实际工作经验和对数字设计的深刻理解。作者在这些成功经验及对数字系统设计与实现深刻理解基础上所著的这本书能帮助读者理解和探索数字系统的整体结构、定义数字系统的全定制设计要求、研究模块和元件相互间的密切联系、评估现有的设计部件和技术并帮助解决具体的设计问题，其中包括以微处理器为基础的数字系统设计、支持数字系统的模拟电路原理以及如何用基本的设计元件和最新的设计技术实现一个完整的数字系统。本书内容丰富、覆盖面广。正如书名本身表明的那样，这是一本名副其实内容完整的数字系统设计教科书，也是一本任何时候都应用方便的电子设计实用参考书。

Preface xiii

Acknowledgments xix



PART 1 Digital Fundamentals



Chapter I Digital Logic

1.1 Boolean Logic / 3

1.2 Boolean Manipulation / 7

1.3 The Karnaugh map ! 8

1.4 Binary and Hexadecimal Numbering / I0

1.5 Binary Addition ! 14

1.6 Subtraction and Negative Numbers / 15

1.7 Multiplication and Division / 17

1.8 Flip-Flops and Latches / 18

1.9 Synchronous Logic / 21

1.10 Synchronous Timing Analysis / 23

1.11 ClockSkew / 25

1.12 Clock Jitter / 27

1.13 Derived Logical Building Blocks / 28



Chapter 2 Integrated Circuits and the 7400 Logic Families

2.1 The Integrated Circuit / 33

2.2 IC Packaging ! 38

2.3 The 7400-Series Discrete Logic Family / 41

2.4 Applying the 7400 Family to Logic Design / 43

2.5 Synchronous Logic Design with the 7400 Family / 45

2.6 Common Variants of the 7400 Family / 50

2.7 Interpreting a Digital IC Data Sheet / 51



Chapter 3 Basic Computer Architecture

3.1 The Digital Computer / 56

3.2 Microprocessor Internals / 58

3.3 Subroutines and the Stack ! 60

3.4 Reset and Interrupts / 62

3.5 Implementation of an Eight-Bit Computer / 63

3.6 Address Banking / 67

3.7 Direct Memory Access / 68

3.8 Extending the Microprocessor Bus / 70

3.9 Assembly Language and Addressing Modes / 72



Chapter 4 Memory

4.1 Memory Classifications / 77

4.2 EPROM / 79

4.3 Flash Memory i 81

4.4 EEPROM / 85

4.5 Asynchronous SRAM / 86

4.6 Asynchronous DRAM / 88

4.7 Multiport Memory / 92

4.8 The FIFO / 94



Chapter 5 Serial Communications

5.1 Serial vs. Parallel Communication / 98

5.2 The UART / 99

5.3 ASCII Data Representation / 102

5.4 RS-232 / 102

5.5 RS-422 / 107

5.6 Modems and Baud Rate / 108

5.7 Network Topologies / 109

5.8 Network Data Formats / 110

5.9 RS-485 / 112

5.10 A Simple RS-485 Network / 114

5.11 Interchip Serial Communications / 117



Chapter 6 Instructive Microprocessors and Microcomputer Elements

6.1 Evolution / 121

6.2 Motorola 6800 Eight-bit Microprocessor Family / 122

6.3 Intel 8051 Microcontroller Family / 125

6.4 Microchip PIC Microcontroller Family / 131

6.5 Intel 8086 16-Bit Microprocessor Family / 134

6.6 Motorola 68000 16/32-Bit Microprocessor Family / 139



PART 2 Advanced Digital Systems



Chapter 7 Advanced Microprocessor Concepts

7.1 RISC and CISC / 145

7.2 Cache Structures / 149

7.3 Caches in Practice / 154

7.4 Virtual Memory and the MMU / 158

7.5 Superpipelined and Superscalar Architectures / 161

7.6 Floating-Point Arithmetic / 165

7.7 Digital Signal Processors / 167

7.8 Performance Metrics / 169



Chapter 8 High-Performance Memory Technologies

8.1 Synchronous DRAM / 173

8.2 Double Data Rate SDRAM / 179

8.3 Synchronous SRAM / 182

8.4 DDR and QDR SRAM / 185

8.5 Content Addressable Memory / 188



Chapter 9 Networking

9.1 Protocol Layers One and Two / 193

9.2 Protocol Layers Three and Four / 194

9.3 Physical Media / 197

9.4 Channel Coding / 198

9.5 8B10B Coding ! 203

9.6 Error Detection / 207

9.7 Checksum / 208

9.8 Cyclic Redundancy Check / 209

9.9 Ethernet / 215



Chapter 10 Logic Design and Finite State Machines

10.1 Hardware Description Languages / 221

10.2 CPU Support Logic / 227

10.3 Clock Domain Crossing / 233

10.4 Finite State Machines / 237

10.5 FSM Bus Control / 239

10.6 FSM Optimization / 243

10.7 Pipelining / 245



Chapter 11 Programmable Logic Devices

11.1 Custom and Programmable Logic / 249

11.2 GALs and PALs / 252

11.3 CPLDs / 255

11.4 FPGAs / 257



PART 3 Analog Basics for Digital Systems



Chapter 12 Electrical Fundamentals

12.1 Basic Circuits / 267

12.2 Loop and Node Analysis / 268

12.3 Resistance Combination / 271

12.4 Capacitors / 272

12.5 Capacitors as AC Elements / 274

12.6 Inductors / 276

12.7 Nonideal RLC Models / 276

12.8 Frequency Domain Analysis / 279

12.9 Lowpass and Highpass Filters / 283

12.10 Transformers / 288



Chapter 13 Diodes and Transistors

13.1 Diodes / 293

13.2 Power Circuits with Diodes / 296

13.3 Diodes in Digital Applications / 298

13.4 Bipolar Junction Transistors / 300

13.5 Digital Amplification with the BJT / 301

13.6 Logic Functions with the BJT / 304

13.7 Field-Effect Transistors / 306

13.8 Power FETs and JFETs / 309



Chapter 14 Operational Amplifiers

14.1 The Ideal Op-amp / 311

14.2 Characteristics of Real Op-amps / 316

14.3 Bandwidth Limitations / 324

14.4 Input Resistance / 325

14.5 Summation Amplifier Circuits / 328

14.6 Active Filters / 331

14.7 Comparators and Hysteresis / 333



Chapter 15 Analog Interfaces for Digital Systems

15.1 Conversion between Analog and Digital Domains / 339

15.2 Sampling Rate and Atiasing / 341

15.3 ADC Circuits / 345

15.4 DAC Circuits / 348

15.5 Filters in Data Conversion Systems / 350



PART 4 Digital System Design in Practice



Chapter 16 Clock Distribution

16.1 Crystal Oscillators and Ceramic Resonators / 355

16.2 Low-Skew Clock Buffers / 357

16.3 Zero-Delay Buffers: The PLL / 360

16.4 Frequency Synthesis / 364

16.5 Delay-Locked Loops / 366

16.6 Source-Synchronous Clocking / 367



Chapter 17 Voltage Regulation and Power Distribution

17.1 Voltage Regulation Basics / 372

17.2 Thermal Analysis / 374

17.3 Zener Diodes and Shunt Regulators / 376

17.4 Transistors and Discrete Series Regulators / 379

17.5 Linear Regulators / 382

17.6 Switching Regulators / 386

17.7 Power Distribution / 389

17.8 Electrical Integrity / 392



Chapter 18 Signal Integrity

18.1 Transmission Lines / 398

18.2 Termination / 403

18.3 Crosstalk / 408

18.4 Electromagnetic Interference / 410

18.5 Grounding and Electromagnetic Compatibility / 413

18.6 Electrostatic Discharge / 415



Chapter 19 Designing for Success

19.1 Practical Technologies / 420

19.2 Printed Circuit Boards / 422

19.3 Manually Wired Circuits / 425

19.4 Microprocessor Reset / 428

19.5 Design for Debug / 429

19.6 Boundary Scan / 431

19.7 Diagnostic Software / 433

19.8 Schematic Capture and Spice / 436

19.9 Test Equipment / 440



Appendix A Further Education



Index 445